The F bass trombone formerly used in German and central European bands barely survived into the 20th century. In Britain. however, the G bass trombone, pitched a minor 3rd below the Bb instrument, was used in every orchestra and band from about 1815 up to the 1950s and still appears in some brass bands. Its bottom note. apart from pedals, is C#; for orchestral use a D attachment is included, and when the instrument is used for contrabass parts a 'C slide' is placed in the attachment contending the compass down to C#', with notes available as pedals on the G trombone because of the long slide extensions necessary on F and G Trombone;, the stay of the outer slide is burnished with a handle by which the lowest positions can be reached. For a long time many German opera houses possessed a true Contrabass Trombone in 18' Bb'', provided with a double slide consisting of two parallel slides connected in series. (by two U-bows at the bass and one at the top) but moved as one. As each shift on such an instrument requires half the movement necessary with a normal slide, the shifts are no greater than those of the ordinary Bb Trombone. Double slides were also fitted to some . Boosey & Co. made a trombone in 16' C for the London premiere of the Ring; as its double slide provided nine positions instead of the usual seven, Wagner's E' could be reached on in According to Arthur Falkner. however, it failed to earn Hans Richter's approval and the part was played on a tuba. A new contrabass designed by Hans Kunitz in 1959 and made by Alexander of Mainz is called 'Cimbasso' (after the parts so named in Verdi's operas). Pitched in F, it has two attachments: a valve operated by the thumb that lowers the instrument to C, and a valve operated by the tight middle finger that lower it to D'. Both together lower the pitch to Bb''. By using these valves the single slide need Be moved beyond the 3rd position for only two notes .